Lock



Dec. 28, 1948. M. DYSON 2,457,650

I oon,

Filed Feb. 19, 1946 s Sheets-Sheet 1 lnoentor Lou/5 M DYso/v.

Gttomeg Dec. 28, 1948. DYSQN 2,457,650

40* I III CORE KY inventor G Lou/s M DY$0M Gftorneg Patented Dec. 28, 1 948 LOCK? LouisrltfiDyson New Britain, Conn, assignortto The. American Hardware. Corporation, New Britain, Conn, a'corporation' of Gonnecticut Application February 19, 1946i8enialeNocfi48ig589c Thiseinventionerelates to-locks and moraparticularlyyto cylinder locks.-having. a. removablecore or insert. as clearly, shown and. described iiimm: cue-pending application Serial. Number. 617,953, filed Septemhen 22;, 1945..

Such removable cores have heretofore. been provided; ion. padlocksg. the. said cores being. removable from: the-t padlockefor. the. purpose of permitting exchange of, the. cores. or the transfer. thereoiriromtonepadlockftor.another, which pad.-

Eigurea is a-perspectivemiew-showing .the bolt mechanism retaining spring... "I Figure 4.. is; aperspective view showing, the 1 core.

retaininglatchi I Eigure 5. is asimilar. View showingthe. inner.

' portion .ofltheamaster sleeve...

loeks! are; commonly. OPBITEtQbIBrbX partial rotacomplete. rotation. of. the key. plug v or master sleeve is; permitted, the. lockwnuld. necessarily. haveto be.- returnedztoits normal position, which is-usuallx-thelocked position, before the tumblers of the cylinder lock would'be in position to permitremoval of the key... Partial, rotation. would require reverse movementoi. the; mechanism and this. would return-the bolt. to. its .normali'position, S'llGhl' as done in. the operationoi an ordinary padlock. of 'the: snap type-wheretheboltl is biased. to locking-'position byspring .action andLit. is only. required.- that; it.- b a. released. and .then permitted tozreturn to itsmorrnal position. snas to engagev the=shackle when, it is. again. returnedlto. locked position.

It is: anz-obiectof. this. invention. to. provide a removable core. for. locks, which isint'erchangeable between padlocks; where the. :mechani'snn is operated. only witha-partialrrotation for, simplyreleasing the :locking; bo1.t,. andconventional'fldoor locksa where. complete. rotationoithe. mechanism isrequired? in orderthat. thehbolt. may,. be left. either inlo cked or .unlocked. position; the. said complete rotation. being. necessary.- in\ orden. to. permit withdrawal .of.. the. key. after, the. boltv has; been operated rto -un-locked..position; or. whenthe bolt. is to;'oewreturnedy from unlocked to locked position.- 1

Aiiurther. object-oi. this invention; is. to. provide. novel-. mechanism. which is, .practica1, efficient. in-a its operation, durable,., and easy to. use.

Further objects. and advantagesof. thisinvem tion will.- be; more clearly understood. from. the, following description and from the accompanying drawings in:

Figure: iszx-ar perspective.- view partlyf broken. awayrand; showing; apadlock embodyin my invention;

Eigureamiszazperspeetiyegview ofithey-renwvable Figure. 6..is .asimila-r..view.. showing. the outer. pcrtionof said sleeve; v

Figure? .iaasimi-lar viewshowihgfithe key plug- Eigure. 8.is =a..perspective.-view of. the. plug..re.-

taining plate;

Figure 9 is aperspective viewoifthe locking bolt unit. a Eigure .10 isa view. in central. vertical. section through. a. padlock showing,.my improved removable core in'position. therein...

. Eigureli .isasideview in central 'jverti'cal sec.-. tion. on. line.-. l-.'I.- [ll-l 0i .10.

Figure. 12'..is.a-plan View in section oniline. |z l2 of Fig. 10;

Eigurelaisr a similar view online. l3...|3.-. of

Figure 1,4 is at plan=view,, partially. in. central. vertical .sectionandshowing; a lock cylinder with my removablecore. in.positi'on..therein..

I Figure. 15-, isa'planview, .inrcentral vertical! section, of said lockoyl'inder .and'. showing a'servicekeyposition therein,

Eigune 1.6., is. an end; view, insecti'onon line LBi-lfi o.Eig..14-,. sho.w ing the..retainer.in locked position.

Eigure l7:is.a.similanview. showing the retainer. imunlockedvpositione V 1 Figure 18-is.-a-. plan view,.partly inrcentral verticalr section,.. showing( the. lock. cylinder. assembly with anorekey'in position thereinm shown. the rd-rawings, the..numera.l .5. denotes-.-,the.body; or. shell; of a. padlocliand. 6] denotesisa cylinder of: alockench ascommonly'used. on: doors wherein. itmay,. be desired to .remove. the key after; the locking. bolt. hasemmoved into either: locked. on unlocked. position, and wherein zit-complete. rotationioii the key plug, is required-in order to. permit removaliof. the key Wihout. first turning; it in a.;re.verse. direction.

- The. padlock. illustrated. in Fig.1. is. provided withvaeconventionala form of shackle. l having a.-

short. leg: 8: and. a. long leg, 9. which is.fsli'd'ably rotated imthe body, 5 suitabl'e.means, .such .as a retaining. pin. I 0.; a. spring lilfbeingwprovided. to move the shackle outwardly-in the bodywhen' it is.-1:eleased:by, an unlocking. operation of the bolt.

Iihe. saidbody is providedwith-a recess 12,. mater als-1pin theuform ot. a. lfigure a; which exi tends. upwardly from. thejottom. thereof to a 1 point close to the top of the body, leavin an upper wall I3 at the top of said recess. A locking bolt assembly unit, such as also shown in Fig. 9

of my said co-pending application, consists of a casing 14 having therein a pair of oppositely slidable bolt members l'5l6 adapted to engage notches in the long and short legs of the shackle.

The said bolts are operable by;.means of a connector member ll which is rotatable in the casing l4 and has an operating boss 18 projecting into slots in the said bolt members for actuating them by rotation of said connector member. pin I9 is provided in the casing It to retain the locking bolt l within the said casing, when the shackle is in open position, and a, retaining spring l2, as clearly shown in Fig. of the drawings.

The present invention has to do particularly with the provision oi the removable core assem- A stop '15 20 is provided to fit within notches 2| in the opposite sides of the body for retaining the complete bolt assembly unit in position within the recess bly, asplainly illustrated in Fig. 2 of the drawing and which consists of a shell 22 having'rotatably mounted therein, on a single axis, a retainer operating sleeve 23 anda master sleeve 24; A key plug 25 is rotatably ni'ountedwithin and co-axially with said sleeves and has the usual slot 26 to receive the difierent keys about to be described.

The said plug is'provided Wthi tenons 21, which fit within 'a'slot in the bottom of the connector 3 member H, for rotating the said, connector;

through'the rotation of the key plug.

The retainer operating sleeve 23, is provided with tenons 28 which engage with a core retainer 29 that is slidably mounted upon the surface 30 in a depression at the end of the shell 22. The said retainer is held slidably in place by a guide screw 34 and has a projection 32 which is engaged by one of the tenons 28 on the An end plate 33 is secured to the end of the shell 22 by means of the screw 34. This plate has an openingfiepermitting it to be passed over the end of the key plug and positioned to extend intoa groove 36 so as to'engage the annular lip 31 at the end of. said plug and rotatably retain the plug in operative position with the master.

and operating sleeves. The said plate is provided with a projection 33a which extends in the path of the tenons-'28 and limits the rotation of the operating sleeve 23 so as to prevent disengagement of the operating tenonirom the retainer 29, particularly when the core is removed from.

a lock and the said sleeve 23 is rotated.

It will be notedthat when the core is inserted into a padlock as shown in Fig. 10, the tenons 21 at the end of th key plug wi11 engage and rotate the member ll; thus operating the locking bolt members l5 and i6 to-release the shackle. When the said core isremoved from the padlock and inserted in the cylinder 6, as shown in Fig. 15, the said tenons 21 will project into a slot 38 in a, connector 39 that is rotatably mounted in the end of the cylinder 5 and retained in position by means of a washer Mthatis suitably secured to said diskand has a slot 41 to receive a connecting bar, such as commonly used in door locks between i the key plug in the lock cylinder and the mechoperating sleeve it to a door lock having the cylinder 6; the core key, indicated at 42, is inserted into the key plug.

This key will cause the tumblers in the lock mechanism to register so that there will be a break through said tumblers, between both sleeves 23 and 24 and the shell 22 of the tumbler mechanism. N This will permit counter clockwise rotation of the operating sleeve," wl 1ich "in turncarries the tenons 28, and one of said tenons will engage the extension 32 of the retainer 29 and withdraw said retainer from the notch 43 in the body of the lock; thus permitting withdrawal of the core from the recess I 2 in said body.

The core may thenbe transferred to the recess inthe cylinder 60f the door lock in which it is.

desired to use" said core. Upon inserting the core into" the recessin said cylinder, as shown in Fig. 18, thew-core key may be rotated in clockwise direction and this will cause the retainer 29 to be movedinto a recess lksirnilar to the recess 43 in the padlockfbody, and therebysecure said "core inthe cylinder 6. The core key may then'be' turned counter-,blockwise into the position where the tumblers wil'ibe inreg'ister and removed, leaving the core withinthe cylinderS. t a

the core is in "the As shown in Fig. 15, when cylinder i; of a'door lock and the service key 4 5 is used, the tumblers will break between the" key plug and the 'operating'andmaster' sleeves, permitting complete'rotationofthe key plug'which will operate the door lock bolt from locked posi tion to unlocked position and bring the key back to the starting position where'it'can be removed from the core andleave the bolt in-theunlocked position. Likewise, theflkey may be completely turned in an opposite directionto move the bolt from unlocked to locked position also bring the .key back to starting positionsothat it can be removedfrom the lock, leaving the bolt in the locked'position; l we r As shown in Fig. 14, when the master key '46 is used, the tumblers will'break between the key plug .25 and the operating sleeve 23, andalso between the outer portion of the master sleeve.

24 and the core'shell 22; thus-permitting complete rotation of the key plug with the master sleeve and preventing rotation of the'operating sleeve and thereby preventing removal, of the core' through the operation of the mechanism withthe master key. 7

-It' will be. notedffr'omwhe above" description that complete rotation. of the key plug 'may 'be obtained, bythe use of either the master key or the service key, so that the core can be used in common door locks whereit is desired that the key may be withdrawn after the locking bolt'has been movedin one-direction only. It will also be noted that, when the corekey is used, only a partial rotation of the retainer operating sleeve is permitted by the boss 33a o'n'the plate 33.' From the above'it will be seen that my invention provides a lock having a'removable core in which there is asleeve for operating a retainer for the core through the use of a core keyonly, a key'j plug for operating 'the lockin'g'bolt with a service key, anda'ma ster sleeve-permitting the rotation of said key plug for'operating said looking bolt through the useof a master key.

I'olaim: Y i 1. A lock mechanism comprising a core adapt ed to be inserted within a lock casing for operating 'a lockingbolt in-saidlock; said mechanism: comprising ashell, a retainer for retaining said shell within'said casing. 'a sleeverotatable. for

operating said retainer, a key plugrotatablefor operating said bolt, and a master sleeve for permitting rotation of said key plug with a master key.

2. A look mechanism for a lock comprising a locking bolt, a casing, a key operated mechanism insertable in said casing; said mechanism comprising a shell, a key plug rotatable in said shell for operating said bolt, a master sleeve surrounding said key plug, a retainer for retaining said shell within said casing, and a separate sleeve surrounding said key plug for operating said retainer.

3. For a lock mechanism comprising a casing and a locking bolt, a removable core including key operated mechanism having a shell, a key plug rotatable in said shell, a master sleeve rotatable in said shell and surrounding said key plug, a retainer for removably securing said key plug in said shell, a sleeve surrounding said key plug and connected for operating said retainer, a plate for securing said key plug in operative position relative to said operating sleeve, and means on said plate engaging said sleeve to limit rotation thereof.

4. For a lock comprising a casing and a locking bolt, a key operated mechanism comprising a removable core having a shell, a retainer for retaining said shell within said casing, a key plug rotatable in said shell, a master sleeve rotatable in said shell, an operating sleeve for operating said retainer, and a series of tumblers operable with a key to permit complete rotation of said plug independently of said sleeves.

5. For a lock comprising a casing and a locking bolt, a key operated mechanism comprising a removable core having a shell, a retainer for retaining said shell within said casing, a key plug rotatable in said shell, a master sleeve rotatable in said shell, an operating sleeve for operating said retainer, and a series of tumblers operable with a key for permitting complete rotation of said plug and master sleeve independently of said operating sleeve.

6. For a lock comprising a casing and a locking bolt, a key operated mechanism comprising a removable core having a shell, a retainer for retaining said shell within said casing, a key plug rotatable in said shell, a master sleeve rotatable in said shell, an operating sleeve for operating said retainer, and a series of tumblers operable with a key for permitting rotation of said operating sleeve with said key plug and master sleeve.

7. For a lock comprising a casing and a locking bolt, a removable core including a key operated mechanism having a shell insertable within said casing, a retainer for retaining said shell in said I casing, a key plug rotatable in said shell, a master sleeve surrounding said key plug and also rotatable in said shell, an operating sleeve for operating said retainer, and a series of tumblers extending through said key plug, master sleeve,

operating sleeve and shell; the said plug and master sleeve being rotatable for a full turn to permit withdrawal of a key from said mechanism after a one-directional operation of the bolt, and said operating sleeve being permitted only a partial rotation for operating said retainer.

8. For a lock comprising a. casing and a locking bolt, a removable core including a key operated mechanism comprising a shell insertable in said casing, a retainer for securing said shell within said casing, said shell having an aperture extending therethrough, a master sleeve rotatable in said aperture, an operating sleeve also rotatable in said aperture for operating said retainer, a key plug co-axial with and rotatable in said sleeves, and a series of tumblers connecting said sleeves and key plug to said shell and operable by a service key to break connection along said key plug to permit rotation thereof independently of said sleeves, by a master key to break connection between said key plug and operating sleeve and said master sleeve and shell to permit combined rotation of the key plug and master sleeve, and by a core key to break connection between said sleeves and shell and permit rotation of the operating sleeve with said key plug and master sleeve.

9. A key operated lock mechanism adapted to be transferred between a padlock, having a locking bolt biased towards locking position and operable in one direction only for unlocking a shackle in said padlock, and another lock having a bolt requiring an operation for moving said bolt from locked to unlocked position and a separate operation for moving the bolt from unlocked to locked position; the said mechanism including a shell, a retainer for retaining said shell within either the said padlock or the said other look, a plug rotatable in said shell, a master sleeve surrounding said plug and rotatable in said shell, an operating sleeve surrounding said plug and rotatable in said shell for operating said retainer, and a series of tumblers operable by different keys to permit rotation of said plug independently of said sleeves, combined rotation of said plug with said master sleeve independently of the operating sleeve, and combined rotation of said plug with the said master sleeve and operating sleeve.

LOUIS M. DYSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,579,632 Best Apr. 6, 1926 1,660,903 Adamson Feb. 28, 1928 1,947,443 Bargman Feb. 20, 1934 2,122,178 Liss July 5, 1938 

